“Understanding”, “engagement”, “participation” – these are common words associated with citizen involvement in science and technology issues. An increasing number of debates, consultation processes and conferences address science in society issues. But is this leading to more direct citizen participation? Is public input affecting policymaking in science and technology issues? Concrete data says no. Changing this situation requires structuring and strengthening science communication policies at the local level. This is the aim of a number of EU projects such as PLACES, which is developing the concept of the European City of Scientific Culture. Concrete science in society issues will be presented and discussed briefly by a panel of workshop leaders, followed by practical work from participants who will use examples and case studies to develop effective public participation models.